Draft Environmental Assessment
Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge Fish Laboratory
Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries
FEMA-1607-DR-LA
July 2012
U.S. Department of Homeland Security
Federal Emergency Management Agency, Region VI
Louisiana Recovery Office
New Orleans, Louisiana 70114
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS i
LIST OF APPENDICES ii
LIST OF ACRONYMS iii
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Project Authority 1
1.2 Background 1
2.0 PURPOSE AND NEED 2
2.1 Purpose 2
2.2 Need 2
3.0 ALTERNATIVES 3
3.1 Alternative 1 � No Action 3
3.2 Alternative 2 � Proposed Action 3
3.3 Alternatives Eliminated from Further Consideration 4
4.0 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT AND POTENTIAL IMPACTS 4
4.1 Prime Farmland 4
4.2 Water Resources and Water Quality 5
4.2.1 Surface and Groundwater 5
4.2.2 Wetlands 7 4.2.3 Floodplains 7
4.3 Coastal Resources 8
4.4 Biological Resources 9
4.5 Cultural Resources 10
4.5.1 Regulatory Setting 10
4.5.2 Existing Conditions 11
4.6 Air Quality 12
4.7 Noise 12
4.8 Safety 13
4.9 Hazardous Materials 13
4.10 Environmental Justice 14
5.0 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS 15
6.0 CONDITIONS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 16
7.0 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT AND AGENCY CONSULTATION 18
8.0 LIST OF PREPARERS 19
9.0 REFERENCES 20
APPENDICES
Project Plans Appendix A
Flood Zone Maps Appendix B
8-Step Decision Making Process and Pubic Notice Appendix C
Photographs of Pre-storm Fish Laboratory Facilities Appendix D
Agency Correspondence Appendix E
Location Map Appendix F
Letter from LDNR to the USACE Appendix G
Photographs of Proposed Project Site Appendix H
Rockefeller Fish Laboratory Complex Wastewater Control Systems Appendix I
Draft Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) Appendix J
LIST OF ACRONYMS
ABFE Advisory Base Flood Elevation
APE Area of Potential Effect
BFE Base Flood Elevation
CAA Clean Air Act
CBRA Coastal Barrier Resources Act
CBRS Coastal Barrier Resources System
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
CEQ Council on Environmental Quality
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CUP Coastal Use Permit
CWA Clean Water Act
CZMA Coastal Zone Management Act
DFIRM Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map
DNL Day � Night Average Sound Level
EA Environmental Assessment
EO Executive Order
ESA Endangered Species Act
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
FLC Fish Laboratory Complex
FONSI Finding of No Significant Impact
GOHSEP Governor's Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness
LDEQ Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality
LDWF Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries
LDNR Louisiana Department of Natural Resources
LUST Leaking Underground Storage Tank
NAVD88 North American Vertical Datum of 1988
NEPA National Environmental Policy Act
NFIP National Flood Insurance Program
NHPA National Historic Preservation Act
NOAA National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration
NRCS Natural Resources Conservation Service
PA Public Assistance; Programmatic Agreement
RECAP Risk Evaluation/Corrective Action Program
RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RWR Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge
SFHA Special Flood Hazard Area
SHPO State Historic Preservation Office/Officer
USACE United States Army Corps of Engineers
USC United States Code
USDA United States Department of Agriculture
USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
USFWS United States Fish and Wildlife Service
USGS United States Geological Survey
VRP Voluntary Remediation Program
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Authority
Hurricane Rita, with a strong storm surge, made landfall on September 24, 2005, causing catastrophic damage to the western parishes of Louisiana.� Maximum sustained winds at landfall were estimated at 120 miles per hour. A major federal disaster declaration was made for the state of Louisiana due to damages from the hurricane. The declaration (FEMA-1607-DR-LA) was signed by President George W. Bush on September 24, 2005, authorizing the Department of Homeland Security�s Federal Emergency Management Agency (DHS/FEMA) to provide federal assistance in designated areas of Louisiana.� FEMA administers this disaster assistance pursuant to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act), PL 93-288, as amended.� Section 406 of the Stafford Act authorizes FEMA�s Public Assistance (PA) Program to repair, restore and replace facilities damaged as a result of the declared event.
This Environmental Assessment (EA) is being prepared in compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA), the President�s Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations implementing NEPA (Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] Parts 1500 to 1508), and FEMA�s regulations implementing NEPA (44 CFR Parts 9 and 10). The purpose of this EA is to analyze potential environmental impacts of the proposed project. FEMA will use the findings in this EA to determine whether to prepare an Environmental Impact Statement or a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI).
1.2 BACKGROUND
The RWR is located in the Cameron and Vermilion coastal parishes of southwest Louisiana. The RWR is located along the shoreline of the Gulf of Mexico in eastern Cameron Parish and western Vermilion Parish on land donated to the state by the Rockefeller Foundation in 1920. The RWR, which is managed by the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries (LDWF), has approximately 24 straight line miles of shoreline along the gulf and originally encompassed 86,000 acres of wilderness. Coastal erosion has taken a significant toll on the land with the most recent surveys indicating that less than 76,000 acres remain.
Common resident animals include mottled ducks, nutria, muskrat, rails, raccoon, mink, otter, opossum, white-tailed deer, and alligators. An abundant fisheries population provides recreational opportunities to fishermen seeking shrimp, redfish, speckled trout, black drum, and largemouth bass, among others. The refuge is a flat, treeless area with highly organic soils which are capable of producing immense quantities of waterfowl foods in the form of annual emergent and submerged aquatic vegetation. Since 1954, the RWR has functioned as a national laboratory for research on marsh management, plant ecology, pond culture, and life histories of many forms of wildlife.
The RWR hosts hundreds of thousands of ducks, geese, coots, and numerous wading birds each year. It also serves as a resting area for many of the transient birds that winter in Central and South America. RWR is one of the most biologically diverse wildlife areas in the nation, and has the distinction of having the highest alligator nesting densities of any place in the United States. The RWR is classified as one of the most important wildlife areas in the United States.
The RWR serves to protect and manage fish and wildlife resources and as an outdoor laboratory for applied wetlands research and pioneering research in alligator life history, which has led to the development of a successful, and economically valuable statewide farming and harvesting program. Other research topics include benefits of terracing, oil spill/fire clean-up, invertebrate animals, 3D seismic effects, and fisheries and vegetative change in response to management.
The alligator research facility, a component of the Fish Lab facilities, has been used extensively by leading local researchers and researchers from around the world. Scientists have come from around the world to the facility to research alligators and other aquatic life associated with the marsh habitats. The facility has also supported Louisiana coastal restoration research.
The RWR is an example of how mineral development, with appropriate controls for environmental protection and human safety, can be compatible with wildlife management. There have been over 100 wells drilled on the refuge since the 1940�s with sales revenues used to fund refuge management and research operations, and establish a perpetual trust fund for continuing operations.
2.0 PURPOSE AND NEED
2.1 Purpose
The purpose of the project is to provide RWR with facilities that will allow the refuge to continue important functions which protect and manage the resources along with functioning as an outdoor laboratory for applied wetland research. Through the PA program, FEMA provides grants to states and local governments to assist in the recovery of a major disaster. The objective of the PA Grant Program is to provide assistance to State, Tribal, and local governments, and certain types of Public Non Profits so that communities can quickly respond and recover from major disaster or emergencies.
2.2 Need
Hurricane Rita destroyed Louisiana�s west coast with high winds and storm surge. Located on the coast, the research and supporting facilities of RWR sustained devastating damages. One of the essential components to the research and management activities of the RWR, known as the Fish Laboratory (Fish Lab), was completely destroyed. It was comprised of multiple damaged and/or destroyed buildings having a wide range of uses as follows: sorting, identifying, and recording marine organisms collected in research sampling; identification and measuring of vegetation from sample plots; hatching and tank culture of marine organisms; alligator and other animal dissections; implanting radio telemetry units in waterfowl, alligators and other animals; and alligator egg incubation. Over 500 publications have resulted from this research.
The problem to be addressed at the RWR is loss of facilities which are vital to the continuation of management and research activities at the refuge. The a of facilities has hindered research and other programs which serve as guidance to other state, federal, corporate, and private land managers in the pursuit of sustainable, aquatic-related biological resources for the state of Louisiana and areas around the world.
3.0 ALTERNATIVES
Three (3) alternatives were evaluated, No Action, Proposed Action, and Action Eliminated from Further Consideration.
3.1 Alternative No. 1 - No Action
Although this alternative would have no direct environmental impacts, it would not restore the RWR�s lost capability for conducting scientific biological research valuable to the management and protection of biological resources within the state of Louisiana and areas around the world. Hence, it will not be carried forward in this environmental assessment.
3.2 Alternative No. 2 - Proposed Action
This alternative involves the consolidation of approved funding for the repair and/or replacement of seven (7) damaged and/or destroyed facilities located within the RWR. The project would include the contribution of approved funding to the construction of six (6) new facilities, which would comprise the Fish Laboratory Complex (FLC), at a new location. The six (6) new facilities would be as follows: Fish Laboratory, Alligator Incubator Shed, Fish Laboratory Boathouse, Fuel Tanks, Domestic Waste Treatment Plant and Alligator Waste Treatment Plant, see Plans, Appendix A. The proposed FLC would be constructed at or in close proximity to latitude 29.72791 and longitude -92.81966.
The four (4) damaged and/or destroyed Fish Laboratory facilities contributing funds to the proposed FLC are as follows: Fish Laboratory; Alligator Storage Shed; Chemical Shed, and Freezer Storage Shed, see Pictures, Appendix D. Additional damaged and/or destroyed contributing facilities, which would supplement funding for the proposed project, are as follows: Alligator Pen Pump House; Trapper�s Camp, and Gravel Base Course of Air Strip. All contributing facilities had approved FEMA funding for repair and/or replacement prior to the submittal of the application for the proposed project. Any remaining portions of the contributing facilities and remaining debris would be removed from all affected areas, which would return the areas to open space. Although these impacts would occur, this alternative would allow valuable scientific biological research capability at the RWR to be re-established, having ceased almost seven (7) years prior as a result of Hurricane Rita.
3.3 Alternative No. 3 - Action Eliminated from Consideration
This alternative involves the replacement of the damaged or destroyed Fish Laboratory facilities at the damage site, which has an approximate elevation of 0 (zero) feet NAVD88 and is located within Zone AE, EL 13 NAVD88 (see Appendix B). This alternative would require substantial elevation on pilings to be above ABFE. It would also require construction beyond the limits of the berms, on which the damaged facilities were built, into adjacent aquatic/wetland areas. These areas are periodically pumped during periods of excessive rainfall (i.e. water-controlled units contained by berms and managed by RWR). Further, it would require an expansion of the pre-disaster footprint to accommodate ramp construction on pilings required for vehicle access. Ramp(s) constructed for vehicular access would be substantial in size and would further encroach into adjacent aquatic/wetland areas. Although eligible for FEMA funding, this alternative has been determined to be impracticable and, thus, is not being carried forward for further consideration.
4.0 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT AND POTENTIAL IMPACTS
4.1 Prime Farmland
The Farmland Protection Policy Act (USDA 1981) was enacted to minimize the unnecessary conversion of farmland to non-agricultural uses as a result of federal actions. Prime farmland is characterized as land with the best physical and chemical characteristics for the production of food, feed, forage, fiber and oilseed crops (USDA 1989). Programs administered by federal agencies must be compatible with state and local farmland protection policies and programs. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) is responsible for protecting significant agricultural lands from irreversible conversions that result in the loss of an essential food or environmental source.
Eleven (11) impoundments are currently in place at RWR with some type of water control. Most units are managed with stop-logged, flap-gated pipes. Low-lift diesel pumps, which provide a greater level of control, are in operation on five (5) management units. One set of large locks and two (2) radial-arm, steel-gated cement structures are also used to manage water levels and salinities on the refuge and surrounding private marshes on a broader scale. Several weirs are used on the un-impounded southeast portion of the refuge. Management units range in size from 90 to 13,500 acres, with a total of 44,510 acres under intensive management.
Alternative 1 - No Action � This alternative would have no impact on farmland.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � The new site for the proposed FLC is at approximate elevation 10 feet above NAVD88 located on a dredged spoil pile created approximately fifty years ago as a result of adjacent boat harbor dredging activities. The dredge spoil pile is approximately 1.5 acres in size measured at the base of the side slopes. The site is located on the northern boundary of the RWR adjacent to one of the above addressed impoundments. Based on these site conditions and non-agricultural land use within the RWR, this alternative would have no effect on farmland. The NRCS stated in a letter dated April 25, 2012 that the proposed project construction will not impact prime farmland and is, therefore, exempt from the rules and regulations of the Farmland Protection Policy Act, Subtitle I of Title XV, Section1539 � 1549 (see Appendix E).
4.2 Water Resources and Water Quality
4.2.1 Surface and Groundwater
Surface Water
Cameron Parish has 354,924 acres of surface water. The Sabine, Calcasieu, and Mermentau Rivers are the largest sources of surface water. Sabine Lake, Calcasieu Lake (six miles north of the proposed action), and Grand Lake (north of the Town of Cameron) are the largest lakes in the parish. The major streams are at the low elevations. They are heavily contaminated with salt water from the Gulf of Mexico (USDA, 1995). As a result, most of the surface water is unsuited to agriculture and domestic uses and to some industrial uses. A review of the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 303(d) list identifies that both Calcasieu Lake and Calcasieu Ship Canal as being impaired water bodies (LDEQ, 2008). Excess sediments, nutrients, and hydrology alterations are the leading reasons for the findings of high concentrations of oil/grease, fecal coliform bacteria, pesticides, and heavy metals in these impaired water bodies.
There are no wild or scenic rivers, as designated under the Wild and Scenic River Act, on or near the proposed project site. The project vicinity outside the proposed site includes extensive surrounding fresh and brackish marshes merging with small bayous and canals that provide drainage and water exchange for significant parish surface waters. These bayous, marshes and other surface waters receive stormwater runoff from the site.
Since 1954 Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge has been a test site for various marsh management strategies, including levees, weirs, and several types of water control structures utilized to enhance marsh health and waterfowl food production. Eleven impoundments are currently in place with some manner of water control. Management units range in size from 90 to 13,500 acres, with a total of 44,510 acres under intensive management. The basic management scenario utilized on Rockefeller is to stabilize water levels and reduce salinities to encourage growth of submerged aquatics and, in the fresher units, spring and summer draw-downs encourage production of annual emergents. Both are prime waterfowl foods and are the major attraction of the refuge to waterfowl.
Groundwater
The groundwater used for irrigation and for municipal, industrial, and domestic purposes in Cameron Parish is obtained from wells screened in the Chicot Aquifer. The Chicot aquifer system consists of fining upward sequences of gravels, sands, silts, and clays of the Pleistocene Prairie, intermediate, and high terrace deposits of southwest Louisiana (USGS, 1998b). The medium to coarse-grained sand and gravel aquifer units dip and thicken toward the Gulf of Mexico, thin slightly toward the west to Texas, and thicken toward the east where it is overlain by alluvium of the Atchafalaya and Mississippi Rivers (LDEQ, 2002). The project site overlies recharge zones of the Chicot Aquifer. Recent sands overlie the aquifer. Depth to the base sands that contain fresh water ranges from less than 100 feet below sea level in the southeast and the southwest corners of the parish to about 1,025 feet below sea level in the south central part, the location of the proposed project site. The cumulative thickness of these sands is 16-600 feet along the coast and is as much as 400-800 feet in the northern and eastern parts of the parish, respectively (USDA, 1995).
Alternative 1 - No Action � This alternative would have no impact on water quality.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � Plans for the Fish Laboratory and Alligator Incubator include activities that would result in domestic wastewater and animal wastewater, which would require separate treatment systems due to the significant differences in waste concentrations and treatment needs. These two streams of wastewater require treatment and subsequent discharge to nearby surface water. Domestic wastewater would result from accommodations for visiting students and biologists working in the Fish Laboratory. The Alligator Incubator would be utilized for egg incubation and grow out of alligators indigenous to the area. Rare situations may include research on turtles, shrimp, etc. Anticipated maximum stock capacity will be 600 hatchling/juvenile alligators. The primary food source would be granular pellets of specially formulated feed. The maximum animal waste discharge is estimated at 13,000 gallons per day, resulting from containment tank washouts occurring on average four times per week. The specimens would remain in the tanks during washouts; therefore no harmful chemicals would typically be utilized. Compatible household cleaners would be utilized for more aggressive tank cleaning (LDWF, 2011).
Wastewater would be processed by two separate packaged wastewater treatment plants: one dedicated exclusively to the Fish Laboratory domestic waste, and one dedicated to the Alligator Incubator wastewater. The anticipated systems, based on an effective aerobic operational principle, would utilize a multi-step process with pre-engineered components sized specifically for the given application. Routine maintenance and testing shall be performed by Rockefeller personnel. All necessary steps shall be taken to maintain a safe effluent that is introduced back into the adjacent waterway (LDWF, 2011).
The operation of the proposed FLC would generate wastewater requiring approved methods of disposal, treatment, and effluent discharge. Those wastes include domestic wastewater generated from the Fish Laboratory and animal wastewater generated at the Alligator Incubator. Louisiana's Water Quality Regulations (LAC 33:Chapter IX) require permits for the discharge of pollutants from any point source into waters of the State of Louisiana. This surface water discharge permitting system is administered under the Louisiana Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (LPDES) program. LDEQ became a state delegated to administer the NPDES Program in August of 1996.
The Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) responded to the Scoping Notification and Solicitation of Agency Views by letter dated April 3, 2012, stating no objections to the proposed project with general comments added. LDEQ further added that if the proposed project results in a discharge to waters of the state, submittal of a Louisiana Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (LPDES) application may be required (see Appendix E). The proposed action includes wastewater discharges that are regulated by the LDEQ and project funding will be conditioned to include obtaining all necessary permits and approvals and further will require compliance with all permit conditions. Compliance with permit conditions will mitigate minor potential adverse impacts that might otherwise result from site activities.
4.2.2 Wetlands
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) regulates the discharge of dredged or fill material into waters of the U.S., including jurisdictional wetlands, pursuant to Section 404 of the CWA. Wetlands are identified as those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. The USACE also regulates the building of structures in waters of the U.S. pursuant to the Rivers and Harbors Act. FEMA regulations found in 44CFR Part 9 set forth the policy, procedures and responsibilities to implement and enforce Executive Order 11990, Protection of Wetlands. This regulation directs FEMA to minimize the destruction, loss, or degradation of wetlands and to preserve and enhance the values of wetlands for federally funded projects.
Alternative 1 - No Action � This alternative would have no effect on wetlands or other waters of the United States and would not require permits under Section 404 of the CWA or Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � According to the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) National Wetland Inventory, scattered wetland areas were identified throughout the refuge and within the vicinity of the proposed new site. Based on site observations on July 29, 2010, the scattered nature of these wetland areas is the result of the refuge land being extensively managed (manipulated) with berms and water control structures to provide food and habitat for waterfowl (see Appendix F). This alternative constructed at a new site, approximate elevation 10 feet above NAVD88, would not have any direct impacts on wetlands. The approved project would be conditioned to minimize indirect impacts (erosion, off-site sedimentation, dust and other construction-related disturbances) to the surrounding area, including scattered wetlands. To reduce runoff of disturbed soils into adjacent aquatic/wetland areas, a silt fence would be entrenched and staked with hay bales around the periphery of all ground disturbing activities and equipment staging areas. Watering and other necessary measures would be required for dust control.
In a response dated May 1, 2012, USACE stated that the proposed project would not adversely impact any USACE projects and further stated that a permit will be required under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act and /or Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act.
4.2.3 Floodplains
Executive Order (E.O.) 11988, Floodplain Management, requires federal agencies to avoid direct or indirect support or development within or affecting the 1% annual chance special flood hazard area (SFHA), i.e. 100-year floodplain, whenever there is a practicable alternative (for �Critical Actions�, within or affecting the 0.2% annual chance SFHA, i.e., the 500-year floodplain). FEMA�s regulations for complying with E.O. 11988 are found in 44 CFR Part 9, Floodplain Management and Protection of Wetlands. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Preliminary Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map Panel (DFIRM) was used to determine the flood hazard zone for the proposed project location. In compliance with FEMA policy implementing E.O. 11988, the proposed project was reviewed for possible impacts associated with occupancy or modification to a floodplain. According to the NFIP revised preliminary DFIRM panel number 22 023C 1100 H, dated November 21, 2011, the proposed project site lies within special flood hazard area Zone AE, Elevation 13, NAVD88 (1% annual chance flood area, 100-year floodplain, base flood elevation [BFE] determined (see Appendix B).
Alternative 1 - No Action � This alternative involves no construction and no impacts on floodplains.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � This alternative involves the proposed construction of the FLC within a special flood hazard area, as described herein. All facilities that comprise the FLC with the exception of the floating boat shed would be elevated or flood proofed related to BFE 13 and NFIP requirements. The proposed location, which is in Zone AE, EL 13, NAVD88, has an approximate elevation of ten (10) feet above NAVD88, which has resulted from historical adjacent dredging of a boat harbor and disposal of dredged material (see Appendix B). Based on an appeal by Cameron Parish, the preliminary digital Flood Insurance Rate Map issued by FEMA on March 28, 2008 was revised on November 11, 2012 changing the proposed project�s location from Zone VE, EL 15, NAVD88 to Zone AE, EL 13, NAVD88 (see Appendix B).
This EA forms part of the Eight-Step Planning Process outlined in 44 CFR Part 9. No acceptable practicable alternatives outside of the special flood hazard area were identified by Jefferson Parish or the Governor�s Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness (GOHSEP) that meet the proposed project objectives. Mitigation of potential adverse impacts, if any, must be accomplished by incorporation of mitigation and minimization measures including compliance with relevant codes and standards. The proposed project must be conducted in accordance with conditions for federal actions in the floodplain as set forth in E.O. 11988, Floodplain Management, and E.O. 11990, Protection of Wetlands, and the implementing regulation found at 44 CFR Part 9, Floodplain Management and Protection of Wetlands. These regulations apply to agency actions, which have the potential to affect floodplains or wetlands or their occupants, or which are subject to potential harm by location in floodplains or wetlands (see Appendix C).
Additionally, FEMA Public Assistance grant funded projects carried out in the floodplain or affecting the floodplain must be coordinated with the relevant floodplain administrator for a floodplain development permit and the action must be undertaken in compliance with relevant, applicable, and required local codes and standards.
4.3 Coastal Resources
The Coastal Barrier Resources Act of 1982 (CBRA) established the John H. Chafee Coastal Barrier Resources System (CBRS). The CBRS, which is regulated by the USFWS, is comprised of undeveloped coastal barriers along the Atlantic, Gulf, and Great Lakes coasts. The CBRA encourages the conservation of hurricane prone, biologically rich coastal barriers by restricting Federal expenditures that encourage development, such as Federal flood insurance through the National Flood Insurance Program and FEMA�s administration of disaster assistance pursuant to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act), PL 93-288, as amended.� Approximately 3.1 million acres of land and associated aquatic habitat are part of the CBRS. USFWS maintains the repository for CBRA maps enacted by Congress that depict the CBRS. The Service also advises Federal agencies, landowners, and Congress regarding whether properties are in or out of the CBRS and what kind of Federal expenditures are allowed in the CBRS.
Alternative 1 - No Action � This alternative would have no effect on the CBRS.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � USFWS determined the proposed site to be located in the CBRS and determined this alternative to be consistent with CBRA (see Appendix E). Per 44 CFR 206.347(c) (4) For the repair of facilities used for the study, management, protection or enhancement of fish and wildlife resources and habitats and related recreational projects; air and water navigation aids and devices and access thereto; and facilities used for scientific research, including but not limited to aeronautical, atmospheric, space, geologic, marine, fish and wildlife and other research, development, and applications; and, nonstructural facilities that are designed to mimic, enhance or restore natural shoreline stabilization systems: (i) Consultation in accordance with � 206.348 shall be accomplished; (ii) No such facility may be repaired, reconstructed, or replaced unless it is otherwise consistent with the purposes of CBRA in accordance with � 206.349.
The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1978 (CZMA) enables coastal states, which includes Louisiana, to designate state coastal zone boundaries and develop coastal management programs to improve protection of sensitive shoreline resources and guide sustainable use of coastal areas. CZMA establishes a system of Coastal Use Permits (CUPs) administered by the Louisiana Department of Natural Resources (LDNR) to regulate projects which have a direct or indirect impact on coastal waters.
Alternative 1 - No Action � This alternative would have no effect on the coastal zone.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � Although the proposed project site is located in a designated Louisiana Coastal Management Zone, LDNR has declared management activities conducted by the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries on state wildlife refuges and other managed areas are exempt from CUP requirements (see Appendix G).
4.4 Biological Resources
The Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973 prohibits the taking of any listed, threatened, and/or endangered species unless specifically authorized by permit from USFWS or the National Marine Fisheries Service. �Take� is defined as "to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect or attempt to engage in any such conduct." Harm is further defined by the ESA regulations to include significant habitat modification or degradation that results in death or injury to listed species by significantly impairing behavioral patterns such as breeding, feeding, or sheltering.
USFWS lists the following federally endangered (E) and threatened (T) animal species for Cameron Parish (USFWS, 2009):
Common Name
Scientific Name
Status
Gulf sturgeon
Acipenser oxyrhynchus desotoi
T (CH)
West Indian manatee
Trichechus manatus
E
Brown pelican
Pelecanus occidentalis
E
Pallid sturgeon
Scaphirhynchus albus
E
Piping Plover
Charadrius melodus
T (CH)
Green Sea Turtle
Chelonia mydas
T
Hawksbill Sea Turtle
Eretmochelys imbricata
E
Kemp�s Ridley Sea Turtle
Lepidochelys kempii
E
Leatherback Sea Turtle
Dermochelys coriacea
E
Loggerhead Sea Turtle
Caretta caretta
T
(E) Endangered (T) Threatened (CH) Listed with critical habitat
Alternative 1 - No Action � This alternative would have no impacts on biological resources.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � This alternative would directly disturb and displace less than one and one-half acres of elevated land area with established and maintained grass ground cover. In correspondence dated April 10, 2012, USFWS stated that the project had been reviewed for effects to Federal Trust Resources under their jurisdiction and was currently protected by the ESA. Further, the proposed project would have no effect on those resources (see Appendix E).
4.5 Cultural Resource
4.5.1 Regulatory Setting
The consideration of impacts to cultural resources is mandated under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) as implemented by 36 CFR Part 800. Requirements include the identification of significant historic properties that may be impacted by the proposed action or alternatives within the project�s area of potential effect. Historic properties are defined as archaeological sites, standing structures or other historic resources listed in or determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. If adverse effects on historic, archaeological or cultural properties are identified, agencies must consider effects of their activities and attempt to avoid, minimize, or mitigate the impacts to these resources.
FEMA has reviewed this project in accordance with the Statewide Programmatic Agreement (PA) dated August 17, 2009 between the Louisiana State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO), the Louisiana Governor�s Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness (GOHSEP), the Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas, the Caddo Nation, the Chitimacha Tribe of Louisiana, the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, the Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana, the Jena Band of Choctaw Indians, the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, the Quapaw Tribe of Oklahoma, the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma, the Seminole Tribe of Florida, the Tunica-Biloxi Tribe of Louisiana, and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation. The PA was created to streamline the Section 106 review process.
4.5.2 Existing Conditions
The Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries proposes to consolidate funding approved for the repair or replacement of seven (7) facilities and contribute the funding to the construction of six (6) new facilities, which comprise the FLC, at a new location. The proposed FLC would be constructed at or near latitude 29.72791 and longitude -92.81966. Based on research using the National Register nomination on the Louisiana Division of Historic Preservation�s website and FEMA�s National Register maps, updated in coordination with SHPO since Hurricane Katrina, FEMA has determined that the area of potential effects, approximately five (5) acres in size, which includes the proposed project construction, near Highway 82 in Cameron Parish, was not located in close proximity to any previously identified archaeological sites or historic districts. The demolition and construction activities would occur on Creole Mucky Clay characterized as poorly-drained marsh soils. In addition, the project area has been severely disturbed by the modification of the landscape within the project area to create a man-made canal, boat harbor, and dredged material spoil pile. Given the low elevation and poor drainage of the area in addition to the landscape modification, it is unlikely that any historic resources would be encountered during demolition and construction.
Alternative 1: No Action � This alternative does not include any FEMA undertaking; therefore FEMA has no further responsibilities under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act.
Alternative 2: Proposed Action � This alternative would contribute consolidated FEMA funding, previously approved for the replacement of seven (7) damaged or destroyed facilities on the RWR, to the construction of six (6) new facilities, which comprise the FLC, at a new location. These new facilities are as follows: Fish Laboratory; Alligator Incubator Shed, Fish Laboratory Boathouse, Fuel Tanks, Domestic Waste Treatment Plant, and Alligator Waste Treatment Plant. The damaged and/or destroyed contributing facilities proposed for demolition do not meet the 50-year-criterion or criteria consideration G of the National Register guidelines to be considered eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. Ground disturbing activities include construction of the FLC on a dredged material spoil pile created approximately 50 years ago as a result of adjacent boat harbor excavation. Data provided by the SHPO indicates that there are no known archaeological sites within the project area and all work will occur within a previously disturbed area. Therefore, the scope of work meets the criteria in FEMA's Programmatic Agreement (PA) dated August 17, 2009, Appendix C: Programmatic Allowances, Item I, Section A and F. In accordance with this PA, FEMA is not required to consult with the SHPO where work performed meets these criteria. The applicant must comply with the Louisiana Unmarked Human Burial Sites Preservation Act (R.S. 8:671 et seq.) and the Inadvertent Discovery Clause, which can be found under the Environmental Review NHPA conditions.
4.6 Air Quality
The Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1963, as amended, provides for federal protection of air quality by regulating air pollutant sources and setting standards for air pollutants. Under the CAA states adopt ambient air quality standards in order to protect the public from potentially harmful amounts of pollutants. Under the CAA, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) establishes primary and secondary air quality standards. Primary air quality standards protect the public health, including the health of sensitive populations, such as people with asthma, children, and older adults. Secondary air quality standards protect public welfare by promoting ecosystem health, and preventing decreased visibility and damage to crops and buildings. The USEPA has set National Ambient Air Quality Standards for the following six (6) criteria pollutants: ozone, particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and lead. According to USEPA, Cameron Parish, Louisiana is classified as in attainment, meaning that criteria air pollutants do not exceed the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (USEPA 2009).
Alternative 1 - No Action � This alternative would have no impact on air quality.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � This alternative would have short-term impacts on air quality during construction. Particulate emissions from the generation of fugitive dust during project construction would be increased temporarily in the immediate project area as a result of this alternative. Other emission sources on site would be internal combustion engines and heavy construction equipment. To reduce temporary impacts to air quality, the construction contractors would be required to water down construction areas when necessary to minimize particulate matter and dust. Emissions from fuel-burning internal combustion engines (e.g., heavy equipment and earthmoving machinery) could temporarily increase the levels of some of the criteria pollutants, including carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, ozone, particulate matter and non-criteria pollutants such as volatile organic compounds. To reduce the emission of criteria pollutants, fuel-burning equipment running times would be kept to a minimum and engines would be properly maintained.
4.7 Noise
Noise is generally defined as unwanted sound. Sound is most commonly measured in decibels on the A-weighted scale, which is the scale most similar to the range of sounds that the human ear can hear. The Day-Night Average Sound Level (DNL) is an average measure of sound. The DNL descriptor is accepted by federal agencies as a standard for estimating sound impacts and establishing guidelines for compatible land uses. USEPA guidelines, and those of many other Federal agencies, state that outdoor sound levels in excess of 55 decibels DNL are �normally unacceptable� for noise-sensitive land uses including residences, schools, or hospitals (USEPA, 1974).
Alternative 1 - No Action � Under the No Action Alternative, there would be no short- or long-term impact to noise levels because no construction would occur.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � This alternative would result in short-term increases in noise during the construction period. Equipment and machinery utilized on the proposed project site would meet all local, state, and federal noise regulations. Normal activities at the new facilities are unlikely to affect sensitive receptors in the area.
4.8 Safety
Safety and security issues considered in this EA include the health and safety of the general public, including area residents and motorists and that of the personnel involved in activities related to construction of the proposed project.
Alternative 1 - No Action � This alternative would have no effect on the safety of construction workers or the general public.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � This alternative could present safety risks. To minimize risks to safety and human health, all construction activities would be performed using qualified personnel trained in all appropriate safety precautions, including the proper use of the appropriate equipment. Additionally, all activities would be conducted in a safe manner in accordance with the standards specified in Occupational Safety and Health and Administration regulations. The proposed Fish Lab and Boat Shed would also be located in the immediate vicinity and would be a component of the RWR headquarters complex. The operation of the proposed facility would involve a minor increase in the number of vehicles entering and departing the complex associated with the use of the new facility. There would be a minor, but temporary, increase in traffic due to ingress/egress construction equipment and vehicles to the site. This ingress/egress would result in intermittent interruptions of traffic flow along Highway 84 at the entrance to the headquarters complex during construction. Construction traffic would be controlled and monitored as appropriate. To alert motorists and pedestrians of project activities, appropriate signage and barriers would be on site prior to and during construction activities.
4.9 Hazardous Materials
The management of hazardous materials is regulated under various federal and state environmental and transportation laws and regulations, including the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA); the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act; the Emergency Response and Community Right-to-Know Act; the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act; and the Louisiana Voluntary Investigation and Remedial Action statute. The purpose of the regulatory requirements set forth under these laws is to ensure the protection of human health and the environment through proper management (identification, use, storage, treatment, transport, and disposal) of these materials. Some of these laws provide for the investigation and cleanup of sites that have already been contaminated by releases of hazardous materials, wastes, or substances.
Alternative 1 - No Action � This alternative would not disturb any hazardous materials or cause any hazard to human health.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � This alternative would not cause any hazard to human health based on findings indicating that no hazardous materials, wastes, or substances (including contaminated soil or groundwater) appear to be present at the proposed site. If hazardous constituents are unexpectedly encountered in the project area during the proposed construction operations, appropriate measures for the proper assessment, remediation and management of the contamination would be initiated in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local regulations.
Project construction may involve the use of hazardous materials (e.g., petroleum products, cement, caustics, acids, solvents, paint, electronic components, pesticides/herbicides and fertilizers, treated timber) and may result in the generation of small volumes of hazardous wastes. Appropriate measures to prevent, minimize, and control spills of hazardous materials must be taken, and any hazardous and non-hazardous wastes generated must be disposed of in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local requirements.
A database search prepared for the proposed project site revealed that there are no Louisiana Voluntary Remediation Program/Brownfield sites located on the proposed site. No sites of concern were found during a review of other hazardous waste management and disposal, solid waste disposal, storage tank, enforcement, and other databases on the proposed site. A search of LDEQ Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) revealed no recorded LUST sites within 0.25 miles of the site. A database search prepared for the proposed project site revealed that there are no Louisiana Voluntary Remediation Program/Brownfield sites located within 0.5 miles of the site.
4.10 Environmental Justice
Executive Order 12898, entitled �Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations� mandates that federal agencies identify and address, as appropriate, disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects of their programs, policies, and activities on minority and low-income populations. Socioeconomic and demographic data for the project area were reviewed to determine if the proposed action would have a disproportionate high and adverse impact on minority or low-income persons. According to the 2010 U.S. Census, 95.7 % of the Cameron Parish is white, 1.7% is Black/African American, and .1% is Asian. The remaining population is collectively categorized as �other�. Median household income is $32,292.00, and 10.1% of families earn below poverty level. The closest town to the project site is Grand Chenier, Louisiana, approximately ten (10) miles to the west. According to the U.S. Census, 97.4 % is white, .01 % is black, .01% is Hispanic, and the remaining population is collectively categorized as �other�.
Alternative 1 - No Action � This alternative would have no disproportionately high or adverse impacts on minority or low-income populations.
Alternative 2 - Proposed Action � This alternative would not have adverse or disproportionate impacts on low-income or minority populations. The proposed project is a public research facility within a sparsely populated area within the RWR that will serve the interests of all local and state residents.
5.0 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
According to the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations, cumulative impacts represent the �impact on the environment which results from the incremental impact of the action when added to other past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future actions, regardless of what agency (Federal or non-Federal) or person undertakes such other actions. Cumulative impacts can result from individually minor but collectively significant actions taking place over a period of time (40 CFR 1508.7).� In accordance with NEPA and to the extent reasonable and practical, this EA considered the combined effect of the Proposed Action Alternative and other actions occurring or proposed in the vicinity of the proposed project site. These actions and the proposed project would have cumulative temporary impacts on air quality, noise, traffic, and surface water resources in the Louisiana Gulf Coast Region. No other cumulative effects are anticipated.
6.0 CONDITIONS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Based upon the studies and consultations undertaken in this EA, several conditions must be met and mitigation measures must be taken by the applicant prior to and during project implementation.
* Applicant must prepare and carry out a storm water pollution prevention plan to minimize any detrimental effects to water quality during project implementation.
* Applicant must source any fill or borrow material used in the repair activities from sites that do not contain any buried cultural materials (i.e. wells, cisterns, foundations, basements, prehistoric Indian artifacts, human burials, and the like). If during the course of work, archaeological artifacts (prehistoric or historic) or human remains are discovered, the applicant shall stop work in the vicinity of the discovery and take all reasonable measures to avoid or minimize harm to the finds. The applicant shall inform their Public Assistance (PA) contacts at FEMA, who will in turn contact FEMA Historic Preservation (HP) staff. The applicant will not proceed with work until FEMA HP completes consultation with the SHPO. In addition, if unmarked graves are present, compliance with the Louisiana Unmarked Human Burial Sites Preservation Act (R.S. 8:671 et seq.) is required. The applicant shall notify the law enforcement agency of the jurisdiction where the remains are located within twenty-four (24) hours of the discovery. The applicant shall also notify FEMA and the Louisiana Division of Archaeology at 225-342-8170 within seventy-two (72) hours of the discovery. Failure to comply with these stipulations may jeopardize receipt of FEMA funding.
* Applicant must take appropriate measures to minimize potential short-term effects to air quality from construction related activities, such as increased dust and equipment exhaust emissions.
* Applicant must conduct all construction activities in a safe manner in accordance with Occupational Safety and Health Administration requirements.
* Applicant must initiate appropriate measures for the proper assessment, remediation, and management of unexpected encounters with hazardous materials during construction, in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local regulations.
* Applicant must take appropriate measures to prevent, minimize, and control spills of hazardous materials, and must disposed of any hazardous and non-hazardous materials in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local requirements.
* Applicant must install a silt fence prior to commencement of project construction. The silt fence must be entrenched and staked with hay bales, around the periphery of all ground disturbing activities and equipment staging areas to reduce runoff of disturbed soils into adjacent aquatic/wetland areas.
* Applicant must coordinated all construction with the local floodplain administrator and comply with floodplain ordinance. All permits and certificates, and all coordination pertaining to these permit(s), should be documented and provided to the local floodplain administrator, to Louisiana Governor�s Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness (LA GOHSEP) and to FEMA as part of the permanent project file.�Per 44 CFR 9.11(d) (9), the replacement of building contents, materials and equipment, where possible, disaster proofing of the building and/or elimination of such future losses by relocation of those building contents, materials and equipment to or above the Advisory Base Floodplain Elevation (ABFE).
* Applicant must coordinate proposed methods for treating all wastes generated by the operation of the proposed project with the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality and obtain a point source effluent discharge permit.
* Applicant must remove all remaining portions of damaged or destroyed contributing facilities and remaining debris from all affected areas.
* Applicant must obtain all required federal, state, and local approvals and authorizations prior to commencement of project construction.
7.0 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT AND AGENCY CONSULTATION
FEMA is the lead Federal agency for conducting the NEPA compliance process for this Public Assistance project.� It is the responsibility of the lead agency to conduct the preparation and review of NEPA documents in a way that is responsive to the needs of the Cameron Parish community while meeting the spirit and intent of NEPA and complying with all NEPA provisions.� As part of the development of early interagency coordination related to the proposed action, State and Federal resource protection agencies were contacted. These agencies include Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality, Louisiana Department of Natural Resources, Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, State Historical Preservation Office, United States Environmental Protection Agency, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Natural Resources Conservation Service, and United States Army Corps of Engineers. FEMA has received no objections to the project as proposed subsequent to these notifications. See agency comments, Appendix E.
FEMA is also inviting the public to comment on the proposed action between July 5, 2012 and July 19, 2012.� A legal notice was published in the Cameron Pilot on July 5, 2012. The Draft EA and Draft FONSI can be reviewed during this fifteen (15) comment period at the Grand Chenier Library or on FEMA�s website. The Grand Chenier Library is open from 8:30 AM to 5:30 PM on Thursdays, 8:00AM to 4:00 PM on Fridays, and 9:00 AM to 1:00 PM on Saturdays. The library is located at 2867 Grand Chenier Highway, Grand Chenier, Louisiana. A copy of the Public Notice is attached in Appendix C.
9.0 LIST OF PREPARERS
Tiffany Spann-Winfield � Deputy Environmental Liaison Officer
Environmental Section � FEMA Louisiana Recovery Office
Jerame Cramer � Deputy Environmental Liaison Officer
Historic Preservation Section, FEMA Louisiana Recovery Office
Leschina Holmes � Lead Environmental Specialist
Environmental Section � FEMA Louisiana Recovery Office
Melanie Pitts � Environmental Specialist
Environmental Section � FEMA Louisiana Recovery Office
Daphne Owens � Historical Preservation Specialist
Fluor � Contractor Support to FEMA
Louisiana Recovery Office
Keith Whittinghill � Environmental Specialist
Fluor � Contractor Support to FEMA
Louisiana Recovery Office
Alan Johnson � Floodplain Specialist
NISTAC/Black & Veatch � Contractor Support to FEMA
Louisiana Recovery Office
10.0 REFERENCES
Environmental Protection Agency. 2006. Nonattainment Status for each Parish by year. [Online] Available: http://www.epa.gov/oar/oaqps/greenbk/anay.html
Environmental Protection Agency. Envirofacts. [Online] Available: http://www.epa.gov/enviro/
Environmental Protection Agency. EnviroMapper. [Online] Available: http://www.epa.gov/enviro/katrina/emkatrina.html
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1974. EPA Identifies Noise Levels Affecting Health and Welfare. http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/noise/01.htm. Accessed June 17, 2009.
Geology.com. Louisiana Geology Data. [Online] Available: http://geology.com/states/louisiana.shtml
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality. Air quality data. [Online] Available: http://www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/tabid/37/Default.aspx?Search =non-attainment+areas
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) 42 U.S.C. �6901 et seq. (1976)
http://www.epa.gov/lawsregs/laws/rcra.html
Emergency Response and Community Right-To-Know Act (EPCRA)
http://www.epa.gov/agriculture/lcra.html
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
http://www.epa.gov/superfund/policy/cercla.htm
Louisiana Voluntary Investigation and Remedial Action Statute
La. R.S. 30:2285-2290
http://www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/Default.aspx?tabid=1667
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality. Electronic Document Management System. [Online] Available: http://www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/ tab id/2604/Default.aspx
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality. State Brownfields list. [Online] Available:
http://www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/tabid/2620/Default.aspx
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality. Leaking Underground Storage Tank list. [Online] Available: http://www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/Portals /0/ RemediationServices/UST/form_52 22.xls
Louisiana Department of Natural Resources. Coastal Zone Management Act. [Online] Available: http://dnr.louisiana.gov/crm/coastmgt/coastmgt.asp
Louisiana State University. Louisiana Coastal Law. [Online] Available:
http://www. lsu.edu/sglegal/pdfs/lcl_30.pdf
Louisiana State University. Louisiana Geological Survey. [Online]
Available: http://www.lgs.lsu.edu/
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Coastal Barrier Resources Act. [Online] Available: http://www.csc.noaa.gov/cmfp/reference /Coastal_Barrier _Resources_Act.htm Accessed January 17, 2010.
National Resources Conservation Services. Web Soil Survey. [Online] Available: http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx
U.S. Census Bureau. 2000 Census Data. [Online] Available: http://factfinder.census.gov/home/saff/main.html
U.S. Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District. Letter dated July 20, 2009. Account number MVN-2009-01706-SE
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Endangered Species Data. [Online] Available: http://www.fws.gov/endangered/wildlife/htm
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Louisiana Field Office. Letter dated February, 2009, Deborah A. Fuller
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 2009. National Wetlands Inventory Maps. http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/mapper.html. Accessed January 16, 2010.
U.S. Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Farmland Protection Policy Act, 1981 www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/index.html
U.S. EPA Noise Control Act of 1972, 42 U.S.C. �4901 et seq. (1972), EPA April 4, 1974 Press Release
FPPA: P.L. 97-98, Sec. 1539-1549; 7 U.S.C. 4201, et. seq.
Coastal morphodynamics and Chenier-Plain evolution in
southwestern Louisiana, USA: A geomorphic model (McBride et. al. 2002)
Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge Fish Laboratory DRAFT Environmental Assessment (July 2012) iii
Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge Fish Laboratory DRAFT Environmental Assessment (July 2012) i
Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge Fish Laboratory DRAFT Environmental Assessment (July 2012)
Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge Fish Laboratory DRAFT Environmental Assessment (June 2012)
Appendix A
Project Plans
(Pictures)
Appendix B
Flood Zone Maps
(Pictures)
Appendix C
8-Step Decision Making Process And Public Notice
LOUISIANA DEPARTMENT OF WILDLIFE AND FISHERIES
ROCKEFELLER WILDLIFE REFUGE FISH LABORATORY, ALLIGATOR INCUBATOR SHED, BOAT SHED, WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS AND FUEL TANKS
Change of Location
Reconstruction in the 100-Year Floodplain
Project Worksheets - (NEED #�S)
FEMA Disaster 1607-DR-LA
Executive Order 11988 - FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT
Executive Order 11990 - WETLAND PROTECTION
8-STEP DECISION MAKING PROCESS
Date: 03/28/2012
Prepared By: Alan A. Johnson (CTR), PE, CFM, Floodplain Specialist
Project: Hurricane Rita, DR-1607, severely impacted Cameron Parish Louisiana and the extent of damages resulted in a presidential major disaster declaration.
Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries (LDWF) operates the Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge (RWR). High winds and coastal storm surge damaged the RWR significantly. The following structures were determined to be eligible for replacement: Fish Lab, Alligator Storage Shed, Chemical Shed, and Freezer Storage, and are to be functionally replaced. Another five facilities were also determined to eligible for replacement, but LDWF chooses to use these facilities losses as donor projects to supplement the costs for the Fish Lab Complex. FEMA deemed it to be eligible for federal grant funds for replacement of the facility to pre-disaster condition including upgrades and improvements to meet current required codes and standards. The LDFW determined that it was not in the best interest of the refuge to restore the facilities in their current locations and instead consolidate and relocate the improved and alternate projects southwest of the RWR headquarters 5476 Grand Chenier Highway, Grand Chenier, LA 70643, approximately one half mile to the west of the original location of the damaged Fish Lab and Alligator Incubator Shed.
Hurricane Rita severely damaged the facilities of the RWR. The strong storm surge and its associated destructive waves caused significant structural damage and contributed to substantial scour and erosion around the foundation. Debris impacts likely contributed to structural damages. Land surface elevation at the proposed sites range from 2 to 9 feet, North American Vertical Datum (NAVD).. The proposed site is on an spoils bank ridge created prior to the initial Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) identification. Therefore, the proposed site has good drainage away from the sites during rainfall flooding events.
This project must be conducted in accordance with conditions for federal actions in the floodplain as set forth in presidential Executive Order (EO) 11988, Floodplains and presidential Executive Order 11990, Wetlands and the implementing regulation found at 44 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 9, Floodplain Management and Protection of Wetlands. These regulations apply to all direct and indirect Agency actions which have the potential to affect floodplains or wetlands or their occupants, or which are subject to potential harm by location in floodplains.
Public Assistance grant funded projects carried out in the floodplain or affecting the floodplain must be coordinated with the local floodplain administrator for a floodplain development permit prior to the undertaking any action. The action must be carried out in compliance with relevant, applicable and required local codes and standards, including buildings codes, as well as locally adopted floodplain management ordinances. These measures will reduce the risk of future flood loss, minimize the impacts of floods on safety, health, and welfare, and preserve and possibly restore beneficial floodplain values as required by Executive Order 11988. In accordance with 44CFR9.11(d)(1), no new development is allowed in a coastal high hazard zone (V or VE), with limited exceptions. At the time of the event, the effective Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) 2251940825G, dated 5/4/1992, for Cameron Parish, showed the damaged structures, and the proposed new location in zone VE, El 12 feet NGVD29. Also, FIRM shows both the damaged and proposed sites within an �Otherwise Protected Area� (OPA), an area where federal assistance is severely restricted. US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) maintains the repository for Coastal Barrier Resources System (CBRS), and the OPA. On April 18, 2012, FEMA received comments from FWS that reconstructed complex was a consistent use of the OPA. On March 28, 2008, FEMA issued a preliminary digital FIRM for Cameron Parish, which showed the proposed site in a zone VE, EL 15 NAVD88. Cameron Parish appealed the preliminary base flood elevations, including this area. Based on the resolution of the appeals, FEMA issued revised preliminary digital FIRM on 11/21/2011. The revised maps show the proposed site in a zone AE, El 13, NAVD88. Both the Parish and FEMA have accepted these revised base flood elevations, and the 11/21/2011 preliminary FIRM will become effective 11/16/2012. In the meantime, this 11/21/2011 preliminary FIRM is acceptable for establishing requirements for EO 11988 compliance. Since the 11/21/2011 preliminary FIRM shows the site as in a zone AE, rather than VE, the prohibition on new construction in a coastal high hazard zone no longer exists.
Restoration projects conducted with Public Assistance grant funds must be carried out in accordance with the local floodplain management plan and ordinance and shall utilize the current Preliminary Digital Flood Insurance Rate Maps as the �best available data� as a minimum standard. Exceptions to this requirement shall be reported to the Governor�s Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness (GOHSEP), FEMA Environmental, and the local floodplain manager before undertaking the action. Local ordinances based on advisory base flood elevation (ABFE) Maps or local building codes which are compliant with IBC 2006 may require a more stringent elevation requirement.� New construction must be compliant with current codes and standards, and remain consistent with 44 CFR 9.11 (d)(6), whereas, no project should be built to a floodplain management standard that is less protective� than the community has adopted in local ordinances through participation in the National Flood Insurance Program.� The applicant must coordinate with the local floodplain administrator to confirm that their proposed project is in compliance with the local floodplain management ordinances.�. Per 44 CFR 9.11 (d) (9) the replacement of building contents, materials and equipment (mechanical/electrical) should be wet or dry-proofed, elevated, or relocated to or above the base flood elevation. Critical action components (including hazardous materials, such as fuel tanks) must be protected against the 500-year base flood elevation (19 feet NAVD88) by means of elevation, or relocation from floodplain. Attached Memorandum of January 4, 2012, from Frank Pagano, Mitigation Division Director of FEMA Region VI to John Connolly, Senior Public Assistance Director Advisor, Louisiana Recovery Office for St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana states that the 0.2% annual-chance (500-year) flood elevations for the Rockefeller Fuel Tanks project site elevation is 19 ft� NAVD88.
The water quality code compliance requirement to treat the alligator wastewater and appropriately discharge the treated wastewater adds a facility that did not exist at the damaged alligator incubator. This connected action facility, while primarily requiring a discharge permit for water quality from the Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), also needs to demonstrate compliance with the Cameron Parish Floodplain Management Ordinance 7-41(6) & (7) which require that wastewater facilities and drain fields, or discharge, are designed and constructed to minimize or eliminate interaction between floodwaters and the wastewater. The selected wastewater systems, especially if on-site disposal of the waste stream occur, must be coordinated and permitted by the Cameron Parish Floodplain Administrator.
STEP 1 Determine whether the proposed actions are located in a wetland and/or the 100-year floodplain (500-year floodplain for critical actions [44 CFR 9.4]), or whether they have the potential to affect or be affected by a floodplain or a wetland (see 44 CFR 9.7).
The project is located in relation to floodplains as mapped by:
Proposed Alligator Incubator Shed
Latitude: 29.7274 Longitude: -92.8187
Proposed Fish Lab
Latitude: 29.7278 Longitude: -92.8195
Proposed Human WWTP
Latitude: 29.72813 Longitude: -92.8203
Proposed Alligator WWTP
Latitude: 29.72805 Longitude: -92.8206
Proposed Fuel Platform
Latitude: 29.7284 Longitude: -92.8203
Proposed Boat House
Latitude: 29.7279 Longitude: -92.8197
Preliminary DFIRM: 22023C1100H, dated 11/21/2011 Flood Zone: AE, 13 feet NAVD
The revised maps show the proposed site in a zone AE, El 13, NAVD88. Attached Memorandum of January 4, 2012, from Frank Pagano, Mitigation Division Director of FEMA Region VI to John Connolly, Senior Public Assistance Director Advisor, Louisiana Recovery Office for St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana states that the 0.2% annual-chance (500-year) flood elevations for the Rockefeller Fuel Tanks project site elevation is 19 ft� NAVD88.
All previous floodplain maps, from before 2005 until resolution of appeals leading to the revised preliminary DFIRM of 11/21/2011, show the proposed sites located in VE zones. FIRM 2251940825G, dated 5/4/1992, site in zone VE, el 12.
Advisory Base Flood Elevation (ABFE) Map V-35, dated 3/9/2006, zone VE, el 13.
Preliminary DFIRM, dated 3/28/2008, zone VE, el 15
The project site is not located in a regulated floodway but is located in an area of coastal flooding with primary flood hazards associated with tidal storm surge and associated waves. Tides can intrude into the low lying areas of the proposed action and water levels in past floods have been documented in excess of 9 feet above the land surface elevation. Inspection of the damaged facility also indicated damages from erosion and scour of the ground around the building foundation.
The project is located in a wetland as identified by:
A review of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife National Wetland Inventory indicates nearby mapped wetlands at the edge of the proposed site but that the proposed project locations are not within a mapped wetland or U.S. waters , except the boat shed. A jurisdictional Determination was conducted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and findings indicated that the site was not located within or affecting USACE regulated wetlands. While the site has been determined to be outside mapped or regulated wetlands, its proximity indicates proposed activities likely have the potential to affect nearby wetlands by contributing to overland flows of runoff and sediment and intrusion by equipment and activities associated with site construction.
STEP 2 Notify the public at the earliest possible time of the intent to carry out an action in a floodplain or wetland, and involve the affected and interested public in the decision making process (see 44 CFR 9.8).
Not applicable - Project is not located in a floodplain or in a wetland.
Applicable - Notice will be or has been provided by:
In general, FEMA has an obligation to provide adequate information to enable the public to have an impact on the decision outcome for all actions having the potential to affect adversely, or be affected by floodplains or wetlands that it proposes. FEMA shall provide the public with adequate information and opportunity for review and comment at the earliest possible time and throughout the decision-making process; and upon completion of this process, provide the public with an accounting of its final decision (see �9.12). A Cumulative Initial Public Notice was published statewide 11/7/2005-11/9/2005. Additional public notice shall be provided as required by the Executive Order.
Furthermore, a National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Environmental Assessment (EA) has been drafted to determine if the consolidation and relocation of the Fish Lab and Alligator Incubator Shed plus associated facilities, as described, will have the potential for significant adverse effects on the quality of the human and natural environment. The results of the investigation are being used to make a decision whether to initiate preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement or to prepare a Finding of No Significant Impact.
STEP 3 Identify and evaluate practicable alternatives to locating the proposed action in a floodplain or wetland (including alternative sites, actions and the "no action" option) [see 44 CFR 9.9]. If a practicable alternative exists outside the floodplain or wetland, FEMA must locate the action at the alternative site.
Not applicable - Project is not located in a floodplain or in a wetland.
Applicable - Alternatives identified as described below:
The Fish Lab and Alligator Incubator Shed plus associated facilities provides key functions to the mission of the RWR. In order to meet these research needs it is imperative that the facility be located on the RWR, and preferably adjacent to the headquarters offices.
* Alternative 1: No Action � No action would leave the RWR without the key research facility which is a principle mission of the RWR.
* Alternative 2: -. This alternative involves the consolidation of approved funding for the repair or replacement of nine (9) damaged or destroyed facilities located within the RWR. The project would include the contribution of approved funding to the construction of six (6) new facilities, which comprise the Fish Laboratory Complex (FLC), at a new location. The six (6) new facilities are as follows: Fish Laboratory, Alligator Incubator Shed, Fish Laboratory Boathouse, Fuel Tanks, Domestic Waste Treatment Plant and Alligator Waste Treatment Plant (WWTP). The proposed FLC would be constructed at or in close proximity to Lat/Long: 29.72791/W-92.81966. This location, which is in a flood zone AE, base flood elevation 13 feet NAVD88 per preliminary DFIRM 22023C1100H, dated 11/21/2011 has an approximate elevation 10 feet above NAVD88, which has resulted from historical adjacent dredging of a boat harbor and disposal of dredged material The four (4) damaged or destroyed Fish Laboratory facilities contributing funding to the proposed FLC are as follows: Fish Laboratory; Alligator Storage Shed; Chemical Shed, and Freezer Storage Shed. Additional damaged or destroyed contributing facilities, which would supplement funding for the proposed project, are as follows: Alligator Pen Pump House; Trapper�s Camp; Lake 14 Observation Tower No. 1; Lake 14 Observation Tower No. 2, and Gravel Base Course of Air Strip. All contributing facilities were approved for repair or replacement at the affected sites with FEMA funding prior to the submittal of this application. All remaining portions of the contributing facilities and remaining debris would be removed from all affected areas, which would return the areas to open space. This alternative would have minor adverse floodplain and wetland impacts from construction activities and physical placement of the proposed facility at a new site within the RWR. Connected actions include construction of the two wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). In accordance with 44CFR60.3(a)(6) WWTP systems are to be permitted by the local floodplain administrator. These WWTP are designed to eliminate infiltration by floodwaters or wastewater discharge to floodwaters, and avoid impairment of the WWTP during a flood event. As of this draft EA, April 25, 2012, this issue is not resolved, but will be part of the final design considerations. Although these impacts would occur, this alternative would allow valuable scientific biological research to resume, having ceased almost seven years ago as a result of the damage from Hurricane Rita.
* Alternative 3: This alternative involves the replacement of the damaged or destroyed Fish Laboratory facilities at the damage site, which has an approximate elevation 0 (zero) feet NAVD88 within flood zone AE, base flood elevation 13 feet NAVD88 per preliminary DFIRM 22023C1100H, dated 11/21/2011. This alternative would require substantial elevation on pilings to be above base flood elevation (BFE). It would also require construction beyond the limits of the dredged materials berms, on which the damaged facilities were built, into lower adjacent aquatic/wetland areas. These areas are periodically pumped during periods of excessive rainfall (i.e. water-controlled units contained by berms and managed by RWR). Further, it would require an expansion of the pre-disaster footprint to accommodate ramp construction on pilings required for vehicular access. Ramp(s) constructed for vehicular access would be substantial in size and would further encroach into adjacent aquatic/wetland areas. Although eligible for FEMA funding, this alternative has been determined to be impracticable and, thus, is not being carried forward for further consideration.
STEP 4 Identify the potential direct or indirect impacts associated with, the occupancy or modification of floodplains and wetlands and the potential direct and indirect support of floodplain and wetland development that could result from the proposed action (see 44 CFR 9.10).
Not applicable - Project is not located in a floodplain or in a wetland.
Applicable - Alternatives identified as described below:
Alternative 2: Reconstruction at the new location with mitigation results in restoration of the lost functions of the damaged infrastructure and eliminates the hazards of unrepaired facilities.
This alternative enables RWR to replace the key fish and alligator lab facilities in an area closer to the headquarter offices, on a higher ridge of ground, and adjacent to both water borne and road travel options.
This action represents a significant investment in the floodplain that will be at risk in future flood events.
Siting of the facility within the floodplain near the shoreline reduces beneficial floodplain values such as natural flood and erosion control. Because this is a wildlife research center, using this location could enhancement biological productivity and diversity, and the increase societal understanding benefits of scientific knowledge gained from studying them.
Reconstructing this new high quality public facility supports existing development and structures that may be subject to repetitive flooding and loss.
Location of the facility in the floodplain will include appurtenant equipment such as vehicles and boats, and boat trailers that could be damaged during storm events if not prudently evacuated out of the threatened area.
A review of the natural environment, social concerns, and the economic aspects of the proposed project indicates that relocation and consolidated Fish Lab and Alligator Incubator Shed plus associated facilities at the new location is the best choice possible and is a practicable alternative. No other practicable alternative has been identified outside the special flood hazard area.
STEP 5 Minimize the potential adverse impacts and support to or within floodplains and wetlands to be identified under step # 4, restore and preserve the natural and beneficial values served by floodplains, and preserve and enhance the natural and beneficial values served by wetlands (see 44 CFR 9.11).
Not applicable - Project is not located in a floodplain or in a wetland.
Applicable - Mitigation measures identified in the EA Document or as described below:
Alternative 2: Construction shall be in accordance with local floodplain ordinances with applicable codes and standards applied to mitigate and minimize adverse effects (compliance with minimum National Flood Insurance Program standards and requirements).
Buildings in flood-prone areas are required to be designed and adequately anchored to resist floatation, collapse, or lateral movement of the structure resulting from hydrodynamic and hydrostatic loads, including the effects of buoyancy. The foundation of the building shall extend to a depth sufficient to provide the support needed as stated above and shall take into account the effects of scour from velocity flow of floodwater.
Enclosures below the design flood elevation (DFE) shall be allowed only where they are designed and constructed as breakaway construction that will not adversely affect any structure by redirecting floodwaters or by producing debris capable of causing damage to structures. Openings for entry and exit of floodwaters shall be required in breakaway walls due to the location in a Coastal A Zone.
This building will be constructed with materials resistant to flood damage and be built with methods and practices that minimize flood damages. Building utilities will be protected by methods including elevation and component protection in place.
The Fish Lab and Alligator Incubator Shed plus associated facilities will be required to be built compliant with the minimum NFIP standards and to higher Coastal A Zone requirements per Cameron Parish and State of Louisiana compliance with International Building Codes, as adopted by ordinance and statute. This construction includes elevation on piles, restricting uses below the DFE to parking, building access and storage, and certifying that the structure is able to resist the combined forces of floatation, impact, scour, erosion, wind, and impacts.
Placement of nonstructural fill will be limited to minimal site grading and landscaping and to meet local drainage requirements. Construction will be conditioned to include best management practices to minimize impacts from erosion, material storage, and vehicle activities on nearby wetlands.
STEP 6 Reevaluate the proposed action to determine first, if it�s still practicable in light of its exposure to flood hazards, the extent to which it will aggravate the hazards to others and its potential to disrupt floodplain and wetland values and second, if alternatives preliminarily rejected at step # 3 are practicable in light of the information gained in steps # 4 and # 5. FEMA shall not act in a floodplain or wetland unless it�s the only practicable location.
Not applicable - Project is not located in a floodplain or in a wetland.
Applicable - Action proposed is located in the only practicable location as described below:
The proposed action is the chosen practicable alternative based upon a review of possible adverse effects on the floodplain, the inclusion of measures to mitigate and minimize harm from floods, and community socioeconomic expectations. There is no practicable site for the project which is not in the special flood hazard area.
STEP 7 Prepare and provide the public with a finding and public explanation of any final decision that the floodplain or wetland is the only practicable alternative (see 44 CFR 9.12).
Not applicable - Project is not located in a floodplain or in a wetland.
Applicable - Finding is or will be prepared as described below:
Reconstruction of the Fish Lab and Alligator Incubator Shed plus associated facilities in the floodplain has been determined to be a practicable alternative with significant benefits to the RWR which override the prudence of location outside the floodplain. This review and analysis of this proposed action was documented through the required 8-step public participation and decision-making process. A NEPA EA is being drafted that includes a Solicitation of Views from potentially affected parties and a public notice was prepared and advertised that presented these findings (Public Notice attached herein).
STEP 8 Review the implementation and post-implementation phases of the proposed action to ensure that the requirements of the order are fully implemented. Oversight responsibility shall be integrated into existing processes.
Not applicable - Project is not located in a floodplain or in a wetland.
Applicable - Approval conditioned on review of implementation and post-implementation phases to ensure compliance with the order(s).
Project shall be reviewed by FEMA at grant closeout to ensure the project was completed in accordance with all relevant and applicable floodplain ordinances, codes and standards and that all project actions were undertaken in accordance with terms and conditions stipulated to mitigate and minimize adverse effects in or to the floodplain and wetlands.
FEMA PUBLIC NOTICE OF AVAILABILITY
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE
PROPOSED FISH LABORATORY AT THE ROCKEFELLER WILDLIFE REFUGE
CAMERON PARISH, LOUISIANA
FEMA-1607-DR-LA
Interested parties are hereby notified that the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has prepared a Draft Environmental Assessment (DEA) and Draft Finding of No Significant Impact (DFONSI) for the proposed construction of a Fish Laboratory (Scientific Research Facility) in the Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge near the refuge headquarters, at 5476 Grand Chenier Highway, Grand Chenier, Louisiana 70643 (N29.72760/W-92.81859). The applicant proposes to construct a new Fish Laboratory Complex at a nearby new site to replace the facilities that were destroyed by Hurricane Rita.
The Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries has submitted an application for FEMA Public Assistance funding being administered in response to FEMA-1607-DR-LA, Hurricane Rita, which was signed as a Presidential Disaster Declaration on September 24, 2005. Per the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4371 et seq.), and all relevant environmental and historic preservation statutes, a Draft EA has been prepared to evaluate the action�s potential impacts on the human and natural environment. The Draft EA summarizes the purpose and need, alternative site analysis, affected environment, and potential environmental consequences associated with the proposed action.
The Draft EA and Draft Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) are available for review at the Grand Chenier Library from 8:30 AM to 5:30 PM on Thursdays, 8:00AM to 4:00 PM on Fridays, and 9:00 AM to 1:00 PM on Saturdays. The library is located at 2867 Grand Chenier Highway, Grand Chenier, Louisiana 70643. Additionally, a public notice regarding the proposed action will be published in the Cameron Pilot newspaper: July 5, 2012. The comment period will be fifteen (15) days, beginning on July 5, 2012 and concluding July 19, 2012. Written comments on the Draft EA or related matters can be faxed to FEMA�s Louisiana Recovery Office at (504) 762-2323, or mailed to FEMA Louisiana Recovery Office, EHP - LDWF Rockefeller Fish Lab EA, 1 Seine Court, New Orleans, Louisiana 70114. Comments can also be emailed to FEMA-NOMA@dhs.gov, and verbal comments will be accepted at 504-762-2973 between the hours of 7:30 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. . The Draft EA can be viewed and downloaded from FEMA�s website: http://www.fema.gov/plan/ehp/envdocuments/ea-region6.shtm.
Based on FEMA�s findings to date, no significant adverse environmental effects are anticipated. However, if FEMA receives new information that results in a change from no adverse effects then FEMA would revise the findings and issue a second public notice allowing time for additional comments.
Appendix D
Photographs of Pre-storm Fish Laboratory Facilities
(Pictures)
Appendix F
Location Map
(Pictures)
Appendix G
Letter from LDNR to USACE
(Picture)
Appendix H
Photograph of Proposed Project Site
(Picture)
Appendix I
Rockefeller Fish Laboratory Complex Wastewater Control Systems
PROJECT: ROCKEFELLER FISH LAB COMPLEX
RE: WASTEWATER CONTROL SYSTEMS
LOCATION: ROCKEFELLER WILDLIFE REFUGE
5476 Grand Chenier Highway
Grand Chenier, LA 70643
Site Code: 5-12-001
Facility Planning and Control -FIPS No. 000-UXL4N-00 FEMA Disaster #: 1607 Applicable FEMA PWs: 2696 (Fish Lab, State ID 05750), and (Alligator Incubator, State ID 05759)
Introduction
The Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge is located in Southwestern Cameron and Southwestern Vermilion Parishes and is owned by the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries and is managed by the Coastal and Non-Game Resource Division. The Refuge encompasses 76,000 acres and had approximately 42 buildings prior to Hurricane Rita. There were multiple structures damaged and or destroyed by the hurricane event.
It is the intent of the applicant to reconstruct a new Fish Lab and Alligator Incubator/Grow-out Complex at an alternate site at the Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge; one that offers a higher existing grade than the previous site. The proposed project shall combine functions into fewer structures that are built to meet current construction codes and standard. In doing so, the impact on the site will be reduced considerably while providing new buildings not as susceptible to future hurricane damage.
Fish Lab
The Fish Lab will be utilized for research on both plant and animal species indigenous to the area. As the nation's leading Alligator Research Facility, Rockefeller also provides the necessary accommodations for visiting students and biologists from areas around the world. As a unique research facility, Rockefeller is self monitored; the Department of Health and Hospital provides limited authorized oversight. DHH has indicated that they can assist in the design of the wastewater system (for domestic waste only) with the understanding that no animal waste or laboratory chemicals enter the system. As per Adam Traub, R.S., Coordinator, Individual Sewage Program, Southwest Region, DHH: "Within our Department, we only have sizing criteria for domestic waste and can only ensure proper treatment if and only if domestic waste is introduced into a system; since it was tested with only domestic waste. Animal waste is much stronger (BOD) than domestic waste and we would not be able to ensure the proper treatment since it has not been tested".
Chemicals for preservation and research shall be both stored and disposed of within the building. The Facility will maintain chemical disposal containers within the chemical storage room. The contents will be removed periodically by hazardous waste professionals. However this would be infrequent. Formalin, alcohol, and iodine are used to preserve and stain specimen and are not discharged. At no time shall inappropriate material be disposed through the wastewater system. Herbicides and other forms of chemicals will not be stored at this site.
Wastewater will be processed by a packaged wastewater treatment plant dedicated exclusively to the Fish Lab. The anticipated system, based on an effective aerobic operational principle, will utilize a multi-step process with pre-engineered components sized specifically for the Fish Lab's application. Routine maintenance and testing shall be performed by Rockefeller personnel. All necessary steps shall be taken to maintain a safe effluent that is introduced back into the adjacent waterway.
Alligator Incubator
The Alligator Incubator will be utilized for egg incubation and grow out of alligators indigenous to the area. Rare situations may include research on turtles, shrimp, etc. Anticipated maximum capacity will be 600 hatchling/juvenile alligators. The primary food source will be to granular
pellets. The maximum waste discharge is estimated at 13,000 gallons per day, resulting from
containment tanks washouts on average of four times a week. The specimens will remain in the tanks; therefore no chemicals will be utilized. Typical household cleaners will be utilized for
more aggressive tank cleaning.
Wastewater will be processed by a packaged wastewater treatment plant dedicated exclusively to the Alligator Incubator. The anticipated system, based on an effective aerobic operational principle, will utilize a multi-step process with pre-engineered components sized specifically for the Alligator Incubator's application. Routine maintenance and testing shall be performed by Rockefeller personnel. All necessary steps shall be taken to maintain a safe effluent that is introduced back into the adjacent waterway. Monitoring of discharge will be in accordance with DEQ permitting requirements.
Packaged Wastewater Treatment Plants
The Alligator Incubator wastewater treatment plant and the Fish Lab wastewater treatment plant shall be located in close proximity to the existing elevated storm platform, approximately 100 feet from the Fish Lab Complex. (See attached Partial Site Plan) Sanitary waste lines shall be sub grade; emerging only at the treatment plant's support system. A lift station will be required to transport waste material to the inlet point of the treatment plant. An air gap will be required to eliminate the potential of a siphoning effect should the supply lines become damaged during a hurricane event.
The wastewater treatment plants shall be constructed of material meeting or exceeding impact
resistant requirements as mandated in coastal regions subject to hurricane events. The treatment
plant shall be elevated above the BFE and structurally supported as required to resist hurricane
conditions.
The anticipated packaged wastewater treatment plant shall utilize a multi-step treatment process that shall include communication, screening, diffused aeration, clarification, sludge recirculation, sludge digestion, disinfection and filtration. Pre-engineered modular components such as diffused air blowers, serration and sludge holding tanks, clarifiers and disinfection units allow for the package plants to be sized specifically for the user's application.
Final design of the packaged wastewater treatment plant shall be the responsibility of the Architect/Engineer of Record and the approved manufacturer. Approximate dimensions of the final units shall be determined during design phases.